Family & Relationships
La familia y las relaciones
⏱ 45-60 minWhat you'll learn
- ✓ Describe family members and their physical appearance
- ✓ Talk about personality traits using ser + adjective
- ✓ Express relationships and feelings about family
- ✓ Use possessive adjectives (mi, tu, su) accurately
- ✓ Form questions about someone's family
Grammar Focus
Essential grammar for this topic with exam tips and links to full explanations.
Possessive adjectives
Use these to say "my", "your", "his/her" etc. They must agree with the noun they describe, NOT the owner.
Examples:
Ser vs Estar for descriptions
Use SER for permanent characteristics (personality, physical features). Use ESTAR for temporary states or conditions.
Examples:
Adjective agreement
Adjectives must agree in gender AND number with the noun they describe.
Examples:
Reflexive verbs for relationships
Many relationship verbs are reflexive in Spanish.
Examples:
Using tener for age and features
Spanish uses "tener" (to have) where English uses "to be" for age and some physical descriptions.
Examples:
Comparative structures
HigherUse comparatives to compare family members or friends.
Examples:
🔗 Key Verbs for this Topic
Quick Reference
Adjective Agreement
Adjectives must match the gender and number of the noun they describe. Most adjectives ending in -o change to -a for feminine.
Possessive Adjectives
Possessives agree with the thing owned, not the owner: mi/mis, tu/tus, su/sus, nuestro/a/os/as.
Verb Conjugation Tables
ser
| yo | soy |
| tú | eres |
| él/ella | es |
| nosotros | somos |
| vosotros | sois |
| ellos/ellas | son |
tener
| yo | tengo |
| tú | tienes |
| él/ella | tiene |
| nosotros | tenemos |
| vosotros | tenéis |
| ellos/ellas | tienen |
llamarse
| yo | me llamo |
| tú | te llamas |
| él/ella | se llama |
| nosotros | nos llamamos |
| vosotros | os llamáis |
| ellos/ellas | se llaman |