The rule at a glance

verb + se = a different meaning

  • ir → irse

    me voy

    to go → to leave

    Me voy ahora

    I'm leaving now

  • dormir → dormirse

    me dormí

    to sleep → to fall asleep

    Me dormí a las diez

    I fell asleep at ten

  • acordar → acordarse de

    me acuerdo de

    to agree → to remember

    Me acuerdo de ti

    I remember you

  • quedar → quedarse

    me quedo

    to meet → to stay

    Me quedo en casa

    I'm staying at home

  • Also: parecer (to seem) → parecerse a (to look like): Me parezco a mi madre.

The five pairs

Most reflexive verbs simply mean you do something to yourself (lavarse = to wash oneself). But with some verbs, adding se changes the meaning completely. Think of the pronoun as a marker: it can signal a change of state, a departure, or a new meaning altogether.

VerbMeaningReflexiveMeaning
irto goirseto leave
dormirto sleepdormirseto fall asleep
acordarto agreeacordarse (de)to remember
quedarto meet, to remainquedarseto stay
parecerto seemparecerse (a)to resemble

The reflexive forms often point to a transition or a personal connection: irse is leaving (here to elsewhere), dormirse is going from awake to asleep, acordarse is a mental connection, quedarse is choosing to stay put, and parecerse is resembling someone.

When to use each

1. Ir vs irse: to go vs to leave

Ir focuses on movement towards a destination; irse emphasises departure from where you are.

Ir: Voy al cine – I'm going to the cinema

Ir: Vamos a la playa – We're going to the beach

Irse: Me voy ahora – I'm leaving now

Irse: ¿Ya te vas? Are you leaving already?

2. Dormir vs dormirse: to sleep vs to fall asleep

Dormir is the act or state of sleeping; dormirse is the moment you go from awake to asleep.

Dormir: Duermo ocho horas – I sleep eight hours

Dormir: El bebé está durmiendo – The baby is sleeping

Dormirse: Me dormí a las diez – I fell asleep at ten

Dormirse: Se durmió en el sofá – He fell asleep on the sofa

3. Acordar vs acordarse (de): to agree vs to remember

Acordar means reaching an agreement; acordarse means to remember, and takes de.

Acordar: Acordamos reunirnos mañana – We agreed to meet tomorrow

Acordar: Acordaron el precio – They agreed on the price

Acordarse: Me acuerdo de ti – I remember you

Acordarse: ¿Te acuerdas de la fiesta? Do you remember the party?

4. Quedar vs quedarse: to meet or remain vs to stay

Quedar can mean "to arrange to meet" or "to remain"; quedarse means staying in one place.

Quedar: Quedamos a las tres – We're meeting at three

Quedar: Quedan dos días – Two days remain

Quedarse: Me quedo en casa – I'm staying at home

Quedarse: ¿Te quedas o te vas? Are you staying or leaving?

5. Parecer vs parecerse (a): to seem vs to resemble

Parecer gives an opinion or appearance ("seems"); parecerse means to look like someone, in looks or character, and takes a.

Parecer: Parece difícil – It seems difficult

Parecer: ¿Qué te parece? What do you think?

Parecerse: Me parezco a mi madre – I look like my mother

Parecerse: Se parecen mucho – They look very similar

Common mistakes

Leaving needs irse

Not this (incorrect): Yo voy ahora (meaning "I'm leaving")

But this (correct): Me voy ahora – I'm leaving now. Use irse when emphasising departure, not destination.

Acordarse takes de

Not this (incorrect): Me acuerdo tu nombre

But this (correct): Me acuerdo de tu nombre – I remember your name. English "remember" takes no preposition, but acordarse needs de (or use recordar: Recuerdo tu nombre).

Falling asleep needs dormirse

Not this (incorrect): Dormí tarde (meaning "I fell asleep late")

But this (correct): Me dormí tarde – I fell asleep late. "Me dormí tarde" = I fell asleep late. When someone is late for something, "me dormí" can also mean "I overslept", from context. "Me quedé dormido" is the other everyday way to say both.

Parecerse takes a

Not this (incorrect): Me parezco mi madre

But this (correct): Me parezco a mi madre – I look like my mother. Parecerse requires the preposition a.

Quick check

6 questions
  1. 1. I'm leaving now → _____ ahora

  2. 2. I fell asleep on the sofa → _____ en el sofá

  3. 3. Do you remember the party? → ¿Te acuerdas _____ la fiesta?

  4. 4. We agreed on the price → _____ el precio

  5. 5. I'm staying at home → _____ en casa

  6. 6. You look a lot like your father → Te pareces mucho _____ tu padre

Choose the right form: with or without se?

Next steps

Put it into practice

Fill-in-the-blank exercises with instant feedback, from beginner to advanced.

Practise reflexive verbs →

Printable cheat sheet (PDF)

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Going further

More examples of each pair, and both forms side by side in context

Both forms in context

Going vs leaving: Voy a la tienda pero mi hermano se va a casa. I'm going to the shop but my brother is leaving (to go) home.

Sleeping vs falling asleep: Normalmente duermo bien, pero anoche me dormí muy tarde. I normally sleep well, but last night I fell asleep very late.

Agreeing vs remembering: Acordamos vernos el lunes, pero no me acordé de la cita. We agreed to see each other on Monday, but I didn't remember the appointment.

Meeting vs staying: Quedamos en el café, pero yo me quedé en casa porque estaba enfermo. We arranged to meet at the café, but I stayed at home because I was ill.

More examples

Non-reflexive forms

Ir: Voy a la tienda – I'm going to the shop

Dormir: Duermo ocho horas cada noche – I sleep eight hours each night

Acordar: Acordamos vernos el lunes – We agreed to meet on Monday

Quedar: Quedan tres días – Three days remain

Parecer: Parece que va a llover – It seems like it's going to rain

Reflexive forms

Irse: Me voy ahora mismo – I'm leaving right now

Dormirse: Me dormí en el sofá – I fell asleep on the sofa

Acordarse: No me acordé de la cita – I didn't remember the appointment

Quedarse: Me quedé en casa enfermo – I stayed at home ill

Parecerse: Te pareces mucho a tu padre – You look a lot like your father