- Use 5 core prepositions - EN, A, DE, CON, SIN with all their major uses
- Master al/del contractions - Automatically combine a+el and de+el correctly
- Describe location precisely - Use sobre, bajo, entre, delante de, detrás de, enfrente de
- Express time relationships - Use desde, hasta, durante, antes de, después de
- Navigate movement - Understand when to use por for physical movement
- Por vs Para in-depth? - Check out our comprehensive Por vs Para guide for all the differences
Common Prepositions: En, A, De, Con, Sin, Al, Del
Master essential Spanish prepositions like a, de, en, con, para
What You'll Learn
Overview
Prepositions are the small words that connect everything in Spanish! They tell us where things are, when things happen, and how things relate to each other. You only need a handful of essential prepositions to communicate effectively.
The Magic Contractions
Spanish has two special contractions you MUST know from day one:
This page teaches you the essential prepositions, plus the two mandatory contractions that will make you sound natural from the start!
Structure & Formation
Part 1: The Essential Five
1. EN - In, On, At (Very Versatile!)
Extremely versatile with many important uses:
Location
El libro está en la mesa - The book is on the table
Vivo en Madrid - I live in Madrid
Time
En 2024 - In 2024
En verano - In summer
Transport
Viajo en autobús - I travel by bus
En avión - By plane
States
En secreto - In secret
En paz - In peace
Language
En inglés - In English
Hablar en francés - To speak in French
Fixed Expressions
En general - In general
En realidad - Actually
2. A - To, At (Many Uses!)
Contraction: a + el = AL (always!) → Voy al parque
Movement
Voy al parque - I go to the park
Caminamos a la playa - We walk to the beach
Personal A
Visité a mis amigos - I visited my friends
Veo a Juan - I see Juan
Time (at)
Como a las dos - I eat at two
Nos vemos a medianoche - See you at midnight
Manner
Hablar a gritos - To shout
A pie - On foot
Indirect Object
Escribo a mi hermana - I write to my sister
After Verbs
Aprendo a bailar - I learn to dance
Te invito a comer - I invite you to eat
CASA: Estoy EN casa (location) vs Voy A casa (movement)
3. DE - From, Of, About (Most Versatile!)
Contraction: de + el = DEL (always!) → Vengo del banco
Origin
Soy de España - I'm from Spain
Possession
La casa de María - María's house
Material/Content
Un vaso de agua - A glass of water
Description
Un hombre de negocios - A businessman
Time of Day
Las ocho de la mañana - 8 in the morning
Cause
Temblando de frío - Shivering from cold
4. CON - With (Multiple Uses)
Never changes form:
Accompaniment
Café con leche - Coffee with milk
Hablo con mi amiga - I talk with my friend
Instrument
Escribo con bolígrafo - I write with a pen
Lo hago con mis manos - I do it with my hands
Manner
Un hombre con barba - A man with a beard
Con alegría - Joyfully
Fixed Expressions
Con razón - No wonder
Con tal de que - Provided that
5. SIN - Without (Versatile Negation)
Basic Absence
Salgo sin paraguas - I go out without an umbrella
Sin dinero - Without money
Before Infinitives
Sin hablar - Without speaking
Sin pensar - Without thinking
Fixed Expressions
Sin embargo - However
Sin problema - No problem
States
Sin hacer - Undone
Sin miedo - Fearless
Part 2: The Contractions in Action
The Two Contractions
AL = a + el
Llego al mediodía - at noon
Voy a la playa (no contraction with la)
DEL = de + el
El coche del profesor - the teacher's car
Vengo de la escuela (no contraction with la)
Remember: ONLY with "el" - never with la, los, or las!
Part 3: Time Prepositions
Time Ranges: DESDE / DURANTE / HASTA
DESDE (from/since)
Trabajo desde el lunes - I work since Monday
DURANTE (during/for)
Durante tres años - For three years
HASTA (until/up to)
Camina hasta la esquina - Walk up to the corner
¡Hasta tú puedes! - Even you can!
Range: desde... hasta...
De lunes a viernes - Monday to Friday
Time Sequence: ANTES DE / DESPUÉS DE
ANTES DE (before)
Antes de salir - Before leaving
DESPUÉS DE (after)
Después de cenar - After dinner
Part 4: Location Prepositions
Vertical Position: SOBRE / BAJO
SOBRE (on top of)
Sobre el armario - On top of the wardrobe
BAJO / DEBAJO DE (under)
Debajo de la mesa - Under the table
Horizontal Position
DELANTE DE (in front)
Delante del garaje - In front of the garage
DETRÁS DE (behind)
Detrás de mi casa - Behind my house
ENFRENTE DE (opposite)
Enfrente del parque - Across from the park
ENTRE (between)
Entre tú y yo - Between you and me
Part 5: Movement Preposition
POR - Through/Along Physical Spaces
Use por to describe moving THROUGH or ALONG a physical space.
El autobús pasa por mi calle - The bus goes along my street
Pasamos por el centro - We go through the city center
Want to master por vs para? Check out our comprehensive Por vs Para guide.
Examples
EN (In, On, At)
A (To, At)
DE (From, Of)
CON / SIN (With / Without)
Location Prepositions
Time Prepositions
Common Mistakes
Common Preposition Mistakes
EN for location (being there), A for movement (going there)
a + el = al - ALWAYS contract!
de + el = del - ALWAYS contract!
Use "a" for time expressions (at 5 o'clock), not "en"
Contraction Rules
Contractions ONLY happen with el - never with la, los, or las!
Contracts:
de + el = del
Never Contracts:
de la, de los, de las
Special Case: CASA
"Casa" follows special rules - memorize these patterns:
Estoy EN casa
I'm at home (location)
Voy A casa
I'm going home (movement)

Quick Test
Can you use prepositions and contractions correctly?
1. How do you say 'I go to the park'?
2. Which is correct: 'I'm at home'?
3. How do you say 'The teacher's book'?
4. Complete: 'Trabajo ___ lunes ___ viernes'
5. Which preposition for 'I walk THROUGH the park'?
6. How do you say 'Coffee without sugar'?
7. Complete: 'Estudio ___ las 9 ___ la 1'
8. Which DOESN'T need a contraction?
