🌱Irregular Verbs

In Stage 1, you met ser, estar, tener, and ir. These are among the most common verbs in Spanish, and they're all irregular. Now we're consolidating what you know and adding three more essential irregular verbs: hacer, venir, and salir. By the end of this lesson, you'll have seven irregular verbs in your toolkit!

Ir (to go) is completely irregular - none of its forms resemble the infinitive! You've used it before, but now let's see the full picture:

• Ir + a - to indicate where you're going (voy al cine)• Ir + en - to indicate transportation (voy en metro)• Ir + de - for set expressions (ir de vacaciones, ir de compras)

Hacer is essential for daily life - you use it for activities, chores, weather (as you learned last week!), and more. The good news: only the yo form is irregular (hago). All other forms follow the regular -er pattern:

Venir (to come) is a "go verb" (yo vengo) AND a stem-changing verb (e→ie). It means to come toward the speaker, which is the opposite direction of ir:

• Venir + a - destination toward the speaker (vengo a tu casa)• Venir + de - origin, where you're coming from (vengo del trabajo)

Salir means to go out or to leave. Like hacer and venir, only the yo form is irregular (salgo). What makes salir special is how its meaning changes with different prepositions:

• Salir + de - leave from a place (salgo de casa)• Salir + con - go out with someone (salgo con amigos)• Salir + a - go out to do something (salgo a correr)

You already know tener means "to have," but Spanish uses tener for many feelings and states where English uses "to be." These are extremely common in everyday conversation and are essential to sound natural:

You may have noticed a pattern: several irregular verbs have a -go ending in the yo form but are regular (or have a different pattern) in all other forms. These are called "go verbs" and recognizing this pattern will help you with many Spanish verbs: