About these words
Both exam boards publish a vocabulary list. Our theme pages teach the topic words (family, food, school...). This page has the rest: the general words that turn up in every topic and on every paper. Together they cover the AQA and Pearson Edexcel lists. The selection, meanings and examples are our own; the official lists are linked under Sources.
- The words are grouped by meaning. Foundation words come first in each group; Higher students need them too.
- Higher marks words that are only on the Higher list of both boards.
- Nouns are shown with el or la, and adjectives with both endings (seguro/a = seguro, segura).
Common verbs
The verbs that turn up in every topic and on every paper. Learn the infinitive; the examples show the forms you will use most.
73 Foundation words, 117 Higher
Saying, telling and meaning
- decirto say, to tell¿Qué dices? No te oigo bien.What are you saying? I can't hear you properly.Conjugation and practice →
- pronunciarto pronounce¿Cómo se pronuncia esta palabra?How do you pronounce this word?Conjugation and practice →
- describirto describeDescribe tu casa ideal.Describe your ideal house.Conjugation and practice →
- significarto mean¿Qué significa «guay»?What does "guay" mean?Conjugation and practice →
- contarto tell; to countHigherCuéntame qué pasó.Tell me what happened.Conjugation and practice →
- expresarto expressHigherMe cuesta expresar lo que siento.I find it hard to express how I feel.Conjugation and practice →
- comentarto comment (on), to mentionHigherLa profesora comentó mi redacción.The teacher commented on my essay.Conjugation and practice →
- mencionarto mentionHigherNo mencionó el problema.He didn't mention the problem.Conjugation and practice →
- referirse (a)to refer (to), to meanHigher¿A qué te refieres?What do you mean?
- informarto inform, to tellHigherTe informaremos por correo electrónico.We'll let you know by email.Conjugation and practice →
- anunciarto announce; to advertiseHigherHan anunciado la fecha del concierto.They've announced the date of the concert.Conjugation and practice →
- prometerto promiseHigherTe prometo que te llamaré.I promise I will call you.Conjugation and practice →
Chatting and spending time together
Higher- charlarto chatCharlamos un rato en el parque.We chatted for a while in the park.
- conversarto talk, to have a conversationEn clase conversamos en español.In class we talk in Spanish.
- relacionarse conto get on (with), to mix (with)Me relaciono bien con mis compañeros.I get on well with my classmates.
- juntarseto meet up, to get togetherNos juntamos los sábados para jugar.We get together on Saturdays to play.
- despedirse (de)to say goodbye (to)Me despedí de mis abuelos en la estación.I said goodbye to my grandparents at the station.Conjugation and practice →
- acompañarto go with, to accompany¿Me acompañas al médico?Will you come with me to the doctor?Conjugation and practice →
Suggesting, insisting, demanding and arguing
- recomendarto recommendTe recomiendo este libro.I recommend this book to you.Conjugation and practice →
- criticarto criticiseEs fácil criticar a los demás.It's easy to criticise other people.Conjugation and practice →
- proponerto propose, to suggestHigherPropongo ir a la playa el sábado.I suggest going to the beach on Saturday.Conjugation and practice →
- sugerirto suggestHigher¿Qué me sugieres para cenar?What do you suggest for dinner?Conjugation and practice →
- insistir (en)to insist (on)HigherMi madre insiste en que coma verdura.My mum insists that I eat vegetables.Conjugation and practice →
- convencerto convince, to persuadeHigherNo me convence la idea.I'm not convinced by the idea.Conjugation and practice →
- exigirto demand, to requireHigherEste trabajo exige mucha paciencia.This job requires a lot of patience.Conjugation and practice →
- defenderto defend, to stand up forHigherSiempre defiende a sus amigos.She always stands up for her friends.Conjugation and practice →
- quejarse (de)to complain (about)HigherSiempre se queja de los deberes.He always complains about homework.Conjugation and practice →
- negarto deny; negarse a = to refuse toHigherSe negó a hablar conmigo.He refused to talk to me.Conjugation and practice →
Thinking, knowing and judging
- saberto know (a fact), to know how toNo sé dónde está la estación.I don't know where the station is.Conjugation and practice →
- creerto believe, to thinkCreo que el examen es mañana.I think the exam is tomorrow.Conjugation and practice →
- acordarse (de)to rememberNo me acuerdo de su nombre.I can't remember his name.Conjugation and practice →
- reconocerto recognise; to admitNo te reconocí con el pelo corto.I didn't recognise you with short hair.Conjugation and practice →
- compararto compareCompara tu instituto con un instituto español.Compare your school with a Spanish school.Conjugation and practice →
- considerarto considerHigherConsidero que el deporte es muy importante.I consider sport to be very important.Conjugation and practice →
- imaginarto imagineHigherImagina una ciudad sin coches.Imagine a city without cars.Conjugation and practice →
- ignorarto ignore; not to knowHigherIgnora los comentarios negativos.Ignore the negative comments.Conjugation and practice →
- juzgarto judgeHigherNo juzgues a la gente por su ropa.Don't judge people by their clothes.Conjugation and practice →
- apreciarto appreciate, to valueHigherAprecio mucho a mis amigos.I really value my friends.Conjugation and practice →
Deciding, accepting and refusing
- decidirto decideTodavía no he decidido qué estudiar.I haven't decided what to study yet.Conjugation and practice →
- escogerto choosePuedes escoger un postre.You can choose a dessert.Conjugation and practice →
- aceptarto acceptEn esta tienda no aceptan tarjeta.They don't take cards in this shop.Conjugation and practice →
- adoptarto adoptMis vecinos han adoptado un perro.My neighbours have adopted a dog.
- elegirto choose; to electHigherPuedes elegir la película esta noche.You can choose the film tonight.Conjugation and practice →
- rechazarto reject, to turn downHigherRechazó la oferta de trabajo.She turned down the job offer.Conjugation and practice →
- firmarto signHigherFirma aquí, por favor.Sign here, please.Conjugation and practice →
Seeing, hearing and finding out
- mirarto look (at), to watchMira, ahí viene el autobús.Look, here comes the bus.Conjugation and practice →
- oírto hear¿Oyes la música de los vecinos?Can you hear the neighbours' music?Conjugation and practice →
- encontrarto findNo encuentro mis llaves.I can't find my keys.Conjugation and practice →
- descubrirto discover, to find outDescubrí un restaurante genial en el centro.I found a great restaurant in the centre.Conjugation and practice →
- sonarto sound, to ringHigherMi móvil sonó en medio de la clase.My phone rang in the middle of the lesson.Conjugation and practice →
- notarto noticeHigher¿Has notado algún cambio?Have you noticed any change?Conjugation and practice →
- observarto observe, to watchHigherObserva bien la foto.Look carefully at the photo.Conjugation and practice →
- comprobarto checkHigherComprueba tus respuestas antes de terminar.Check your answers before you finish.Conjugation and practice →
- asegurarse deto make sureHigherAsegúrate de cerrar la puerta.Make sure you shut the door.Conjugation and practice →
- investigarto investigate, to researchHigherLa policía investiga el robo.The police are investigating the theft.Conjugation and practice →
Interest, appeal, worry and opinion
- importarto matterNo importa, lo hacemos mañana.It doesn't matter, we'll do it tomorrow.Conjugation and practice →
- interesarto interestMe interesa mucho la historia.I'm really interested in history.Conjugation and practice →
- encantarto love (a thing or activity)Me encanta este barrio.I love this neighbourhood.Conjugation and practice →
- preocuparto worryMe preocupan los exámenes.The exams worry me.Conjugation and practice →
- parecerto seem, to look likeTu hermano parece muy simpático.Your brother seems very nice.Conjugation and practice →
- atraerto attractHigherLa costa atrae a muchos turistas.The coast attracts lots of tourists.Conjugation and practice →
Feelings and attitudes
- sentirto feel; to be sorryLo siento, no puedo ir a la fiesta.I'm sorry, I can't go to the party.Conjugation and practice →
- aguantarto put up with, to standNo aguanto el calor en verano.I can't stand the heat in summer.Conjugation and practice →
- agradecerto thank, to be grateful forHigherTe agradezco mucho tu ayuda.I'm very grateful for your help.Conjugation and practice →
- perdonarto forgive, to excuseHigherPerdona, ¿sabes qué hora es?Excuse me, do you know what time it is?Conjugation and practice →
- atreverse (a)to dare (to)HigherNo me atrevo a saltar desde ahí.I don't dare jump from there.Conjugation and practice →
- alegrarto make happy; alegrarse = to be gladHigherMe alegra verte.I'm glad to see you.Conjugation and practice →
- desearto wish, to wantHigherTe deseo un feliz cumpleaños.I wish you a happy birthday.Conjugation and practice →
- temerto fear, to be afraid ofHigherTemo los exámenes orales.I dread oral exams.Conjugation and practice →
- sorprenderto surpriseHigherMe sorprendió el final de la película.The end of the film surprised me.Conjugation and practice →
- animarto encourage, to cheer upHigherMis amigos me animan antes de los partidos.My friends encourage me before matches.Conjugation and practice →
- echar de menosto miss (someone or something)HigherEcho de menos a mis abuelos.I miss my grandparents.
- confiar ento trust, to rely onHigherConfío en mi mejor amiga.I trust my best friend.Conjugation and practice →
- identificarse (con)to identify (with)HigherMe identifico con la protagonista.I identify with the main character.
Laughing, crying, shouting and keeping quiet
- sonreírto smileMi abuela siempre sonríe en las fotos.My grandma always smiles in photos.Conjugation and practice →
- reír / reírseto laughNos reímos mucho con esa película.We laughed a lot at that film.Conjugation and practice →
- llorarto cryEl bebé llora toda la noche.The baby cries all night.Conjugation and practice →
- gritarto shoutNo grites, que el bebé está durmiendo.Don't shout, the baby's asleep.Conjugation and practice →
- callarseto be quiet, to stop talking¡Cállate! Estoy viendo la película.Be quiet! I'm watching the film.Conjugation and practice →
Coming, going and stopping
- venirto come¿Vienes al cine con nosotros?Are you coming to the cinema with us?Conjugation and practice →
- entrar (en)to go in, to enterEntramos en la tienda a las diez.We went into the shop at ten.Conjugation and practice →
- bajarto go down; to get offBajamos del autobús en la plaza.We get off the bus in the square.Conjugation and practice →
- pararto stopEl tren no para en este pueblo.The train doesn't stop in this village.Conjugation and practice →
- acercarse (a)to come closer (to), to approachEl perro se acercó a la puerta.The dog came up to the door.Conjugation and practice →
- cruzarto crossCruza la calle en el semáforo.Cross the road at the traffic lights.Conjugation and practice →
- regresarto return, to go backHigherRegresamos a casa muy tarde.We went back home very late.Conjugation and practice →
- marcharseto leave, to go awayHigherMe marcho, ¡hasta mañana!I'm off, see you tomorrow!Conjugation and practice →
- atravesarto cross, to go throughHigherAtravesamos el parque para llegar antes.We went through the park to get there sooner.Conjugation and practice →
- escapar(se)to escape, to run awayHigherEl perro se escapó del jardín.The dog escaped from the garden.
Moving, sitting and jumping
- moverto move¿Me ayudas a mover el sofá?Will you help me move the sofa?Conjugation and practice →
- sentarseto sit downSiéntate aquí, a mi lado.Sit here, next to me.Conjugation and practice →
- empujarto pushNo empujes, hay sitio para todos.Don't push, there's room for everyone.Conjugation and practice →
- saltarto jump; to skipHigherEl gato saltó por la ventana.The cat jumped out of the window.Conjugation and practice →
- volarto flyHigherNunca he volado en avión.I've never flown on a plane.Conjugation and practice →
- girarto turnHigherGira a la derecha en la esquina.Turn right at the corner.Conjugation and practice →
- perseguirto chase; to pursueHigherEl perro persigue a las palomas.The dog chases the pigeons.
Giving, getting, having and using
- traerto bring¿Puedes traer algo de beber?Can you bring something to drink?Conjugation and practice →
- mandarto send; to orderTe mando un mensaje esta tarde.I'll send you a message this afternoon.Conjugation and practice →
- recibirto receive, to getRecibí muchos regalos por mi cumpleaños.I got lots of presents for my birthday.Conjugation and practice →
- devolverto give back, to returnTengo que devolver los libros a la biblioteca.I have to take the books back to the library.Conjugation and practice →
- entregarto hand in, to deliverHigherHay que entregar los deberes el lunes.The homework has to be handed in on Monday.Conjugation and practice →
- ofrecerto offerHigherEl instituto ofrece muchas actividades.The school offers lots of activities.Conjugation and practice →
- proporcionarto provideHigherEl instituto proporciona los libros.The school provides the books.Conjugation and practice →
- prestarto lend; prestar atención = to pay attentionHigher¿Me prestas tu libro?Will you lend me your book?Conjugation and practice →
- contribuir (a)to contribute (to)HigherTodos podemos contribuir a proteger el planeta.We can all help to protect the planet.Conjugation and practice →
- obtenerto obtain, to getHigherObtuvo muy buenas notas.She got very good marks.Conjugation and practice →
- poseerto own, to haveHigherMi tío posee una colección de sellos.My uncle owns a stamp collection.Conjugation and practice →
- utilizarto useHigherUtilizo el ordenador para hacer los deberes.I use the computer to do my homework.Conjugation and practice →
- emplearto use; to employHigherLa fábrica emplea a cien personas.The factory employs a hundred people.
- aprovecharto make the most ofHigherAprovecha el buen tiempo y sal un rato.Make the most of the good weather and go out for a bit.Conjugation and practice →
Showing, presenting and acting
- mostrarto showTe muestro las fotos del viaje.I'll show you the photos from the trip.Conjugation and practice →
- presentarto present; to introduce (someone)Te presento a mi primo Luis.This is my cousin Luis.Conjugation and practice →
- actuarto act; to performMi hermano actúa en la obra del instituto.My brother is acting in the school play.Conjugation and practice →
- representarto represent; to play (a role)HigherRepresenta a su país en los Juegos Olímpicos.She represents her country at the Olympic Games.Conjugation and practice →
- reflejarto reflect, to showHigherLa foto refleja la vida en el pueblo.The photo shows life in the village.Conjugation and practice →
- indicarto indicate, to point outHigherLa señal indica el camino al museo.The sign shows the way to the museum.Conjugation and practice →
- destacarto stand out; to highlightHigherMi amiga destaca en matemáticas.My friend really shines at maths.Conjugation and practice →
Starting, continuing, changing and finishing
- comenzarto begin, to startLas clases comienzan en septiembre.Lessons start in September.Conjugation and practice →
- continuarto continue, to carry onContinuamos la clase después del recreo.We carry on with the lesson after break.Conjugation and practice →
- cambiarto changeQuiero cambiar de móvil.I want to get a different phone.Conjugation and practice →
- aumentarto increase, to riseEl precio de la luz ha aumentado mucho.The price of electricity has gone up a lot.Conjugation and practice →
- sustituirto replaceHigherHay que sustituir el plástico por otros materiales.We need to replace plastic with other materials.Conjugation and practice →
- desarrollarto developHigherQuiero desarrollar mis habilidades.I want to develop my skills.Conjugation and practice →
- convertirse (en)to become, to turn intoHigherEl pueblo se ha convertido en un destino turístico.The village has become a tourist destination.Conjugation and practice →
- acostumbrarse (a)to get used (to)HigherMe he acostumbrado a madrugar.I've got used to getting up early.Conjugation and practice →
- acabarto finish; acabar de = to have justHigherAcabo de llegar a casa.I've just got home.Conjugation and practice →
- abandonarto leave, to give upHigherAbandonó los estudios a los dieciséis años.He left school at sixteen.Conjugation and practice →
Existing, happening and appearing
Higher- existirto existAntes no existían los móviles.Mobile phones didn't exist before.Conjugation and practice →
- ocurrirto happen¿Qué ocurrió ayer en el partido?What happened at the match yesterday?Conjugation and practice →
- aparecerto appear, to turn upMi gato apareció después de dos días.My cat turned up after two days.Conjugation and practice →
- desaparecerto disappearMi móvil ha desaparecido.My phone has disappeared.Conjugation and practice →
- resultarto turn out (to be)El examen resultó más fácil de lo que pensaba.The exam turned out easier than I thought.Conjugation and practice →
- faltarto be missing, to be lackingMe falta un bolígrafo.I'm missing a pen.Conjugation and practice →
Depending, including and belonging
- depender (de)to depend (on)Depende del tiempo.It depends on the weather.Conjugation and practice →
- tratarto treat; tratar de = to try to, to be about (a book, film)HigherLa película trata de una familia de Madrid.The film is about a family from Madrid.Conjugation and practice →
- consistir ento consist of, to involveHigherEl trabajo consiste en ayudar a los clientes.The job involves helping customers.
- incluirto includeHigherEl precio incluye el desayuno.The price includes breakfast.Conjugation and practice →
- basarse (en)to be based (on)HigherLa película se basa en una novela.The film is based on a novel.
- pertenecer (a)to belong (to)HigherEsta bici pertenece a mi hermano.This bike belongs to my brother.
Trying, working, being useful, cost and worth
- intentarto tryIntento comer más fruta.I'm trying to eat more fruit.Conjugation and practice →
- funcionarto work (machine, plan)Mi ordenador no funciona.My computer isn't working.Conjugation and practice →
- servirto serve; to be useful (for)¿Para qué sirve esta aplicación?What's this app for?Conjugation and practice →
- costarto cost; to be hard¿Cuánto cuesta la entrada?How much is the ticket?Conjugation and practice →
- merecerto deserveTe mereces un descanso.You deserve a break.Conjugation and practice →
- valerto cost; to be worthHigher¿Cuánto vale esta camiseta?How much is this T-shirt?Conjugation and practice →
Making, building and setting up
- crearto createHemos creado un club de lectura.We've set up a book club.Conjugation and practice →
- producirto produceEsta región produce mucho aceite.This region produces a lot of oil.Conjugation and practice →
- construirto buildVan a construir un polideportivo nuevo.They're going to build a new sports centre.Conjugation and practice →
- diseñarto designMi hermana diseña páginas web.My sister designs websites.Conjugation and practice →
- fabricarto make, to manufactureHigherEsta empresa fabrica bicicletas.This company makes bicycles.Conjugation and practice →
- inventarto inventHigher¿Quién inventó el teléfono?Who invented the telephone?Conjugation and practice →
- formarto form, to set upHigherFormamos un grupo de música en el instituto.We formed a band at school.Conjugation and practice →
- fundarto found, to set upHigherFundaron el club hace diez años.They founded the club ten years ago.
- instalarto installHigherInstalé la aplicación ayer.I installed the app yesterday.Conjugation and practice →
Planning, managing, promoting and controlling
- prepararto prepareMi padre prepara la cena los viernes.My dad makes dinner on Fridays.Conjugation and practice →
- organizarto organiseVamos a organizar una fiesta para mi abuela.We're going to organise a party for my grandma.Conjugation and practice →
- resolverto solve, to sort outTenemos que resolver este problema juntos.We have to solve this problem together.Conjugation and practice →
- dirigirto direct, to run, to manageHigherMi tía dirige una empresa pequeña.My aunt runs a small company.Conjugation and practice →
- ocuparse (de)to look after, to take care ofHigherMe ocupo de mi hermano pequeño por las tardes.I look after my little brother in the afternoons.Conjugation and practice →
- promoverto promoteHigherEl ayuntamiento promueve el deporte entre los jóvenes.The council promotes sport among young people.Conjugation and practice →
- controlarto controlHigherNo puedo controlar los nervios.I can't control my nerves.Conjugation and practice →
- limitarto limitHigherMis padres limitan el tiempo de pantalla.My parents limit my screen time.
- impedirto prevent, to stopHigherLa lluvia nos impidió salir.The rain stopped us going out.Conjugation and practice →
Putting, taking and keeping things
- ponerto put; to put onPon los libros en la mesa.Put the books on the table.Conjugation and practice →
- quitarto take away; quitarse = to take offQuítate los zapatos, por favor.Take your shoes off, please.Conjugation and practice →
- dejarto leave; to let; dejar de = to stop doingMis padres no me dejan salir entre semana.My parents don't let me go out during the week.Conjugation and practice →
- guardarto keep, to saveGuarda el documento antes de cerrar.Save the document before you close it.Conjugation and practice →
- meterto put (in)HigherMete la ropa en la maleta.Put the clothes in the suitcase.Conjugation and practice →
- esconderto hideHigherEscondí el regalo en el armario.I hid the present in the wardrobe.Conjugation and practice →
- cubrirto coverHigherLa nieve cubre las montañas.Snow covers the mountains.
Opening, filling and cutting
- abrirto open¿Puedes abrir la ventana, por favor?Can you open the window, please?Conjugation and practice →
- cerrarto close, to shutLa biblioteca cierra a las ocho.The library closes at eight.Conjugation and practice →
- cortarto cutCorta el pan, por favor.Cut the bread, please.Conjugation and practice →
- separarto separate; separarse = to split upEn casa separamos la basura.At home we sort the rubbish.Conjugation and practice →
- llenarto fillHigherLlena la botella de agua antes de salir.Fill your water bottle before you go out.Conjugation and practice →
- añadirto addHigherAñade un poco de sal.Add a little salt.Conjugation and practice →
- mezclarto mixHigherMezcla la harina con los huevos.Mix the flour with the eggs.Conjugation and practice →
- pegarto stick; to hitHigherPega la foto en el cuaderno.Stick the photo in your exercise book.Conjugation and practice →
Mistakes, crime, harm and punishment
- robarto steal, to robMe robaron la bici en el parque.My bike was stolen in the park.Conjugation and practice →
- equivocarseto make a mistake, to be wrongHigherPerdón, me he equivocado de número.Sorry, I've got the wrong number.Conjugation and practice →
- cometerto commit, to make (a mistake)HigherTodos cometemos errores.We all make mistakes.Conjugation and practice →
- engañarto trick, to deceiveHigherEse anuncio engaña a la gente.That advert tricks people.Conjugation and practice →
- amenazarto threatenHigherEl cambio climático amenaza a muchas especies.Climate change threatens many species.Conjugation and practice →
- matarto killHigherLos pesticidas matan a las abejas.Pesticides kill bees.Conjugation and practice →
- castigarto punishHigherMis padres me castigaron sin móvil.My parents took my phone away as a punishment.Conjugation and practice →
Experiencing, suffering and recovering
Higher- experimentarto experience; to experimentQuiero experimentar la vida en otro país.I want to experience life in another country.Conjugation and practice →
- quemar(se)to burn; to get sunburntMe quemé en la playa.I got sunburnt at the beach.Conjugation and practice →
- sufrirto sufferMuchos animales sufren por el calor.Many animals suffer because of the heat.Conjugation and practice →
- sobrevivirto survivePocos árboles sobrevivieron al incendio.Few trees survived the fire.Conjugation and practice →
- recuperarto get back; recuperarse = to recoverYa me he recuperado del resfriado.I've got over my cold now.Conjugation and practice →
Test yourself: common verbs
Write the Spanish for each one. You don't need el or la; for an adjective, either ending is fine.
Everyday nouns
General nouns that every topic uses: things, ideas, people and feelings. Learn each one with its article, so you know if it is masculine (el) or feminine (la).
81 Foundation words, 82 Higher
Words, language and meaning
- la palabrawordNo entiendo esta palabra.I don't understand this word.
- la frasesentence, phraseEscribe una frase con cada verbo.Write a sentence with each verb.
- el sentidosense; meaning; directionEsa frase no tiene sentido.That sentence doesn't make sense.
- la expresiónexpressionHigherAprende estas expresiones para el examen.Learn these expressions for the exam.
- el lenguajelanguage (way of speaking)HigherUsa un lenguaje formal en la carta.Use formal language in the letter.
- el signosign, symbolHigherPon el signo de interrogación al final.Put the question mark at the end.
Speaking, contact and discussion
- la conversaciónconversationTuvimos una conversación muy larga.We had a very long conversation.
- la vozvoiceTiene una voz muy bonita.She has a lovely voice.
- el contactocontactEstoy en contacto con mi amiga española.I'm in touch with my Spanish friend.
- la presentaciónpresentationMañana tengo una presentación en clase.I've got a presentation in class tomorrow.
- el diálogodialogue, conversationHigherEscucha el diálogo y contesta.Listen to the dialogue and answer.
- el debatedebateHigherHicimos un debate sobre las redes sociales.We had a debate about social media.
- el comentariocomment, remarkHigherLeí los comentarios del vídeo.I read the comments on the video.
- la explicaciónexplanationHigherNo entiendo la explicación.I don't understand the explanation.
- la críticacriticism; reviewHigherLa película tiene muy buenas críticas.The film has very good reviews.
Ideas, opinions and plans
- la ideaidea¡Qué buena idea!What a good idea!
- la opiniónopinionEn mi opinión, el uniforme es útil.In my opinion, uniform is useful.
- el planplan¿Tienes planes para el sábado?Have you got plans for Saturday?
- la intenciónintentionNo tenía la intención de molestar.I didn't mean to bother anyone.
- la opciónoption, choiceLa mejor opción es ir en tren.The best option is to go by train.
- la decisióndecisionEs una decisión difícil.It's a difficult decision.
- el conceptoconcept, ideaHigherEs un concepto difícil de explicar.It's a hard idea to explain.
- la impresiónimpressionHigherMe dio una buena impresión.He made a good impression on me.
- la dudadoubt; questionHigherSi tienes dudas, pregúntame.If you have any questions, ask me.
- la conclusiónconclusionHigherEn conclusión, prefiero vivir en el campo.In conclusion, I prefer living in the countryside.
- el objetivoaim, goalHigherMi objetivo es aprobar todo.My goal is to pass everything.
- la iniciativainitiativeHigherFue una iniciativa de los alumnos.It was the pupils' idea.
Truth, lies, secrets and faith
- la verdadtruthDime la verdad.Tell me the truth.
- la realidadrealityEn realidad, no me gusta mucho.Actually, I don't like it much.
- la mentiralieEso es mentira.That's a lie.
- el secretosecretHigher¿Me guardas un secreto?Will you keep a secret for me?
- la fefaithHigherTengo fe en mi equipo.I have faith in my team.
Reasons, effects, pros and cons
- la razónreason; tener razón = to be rightTienes razón, es tarde.You're right, it's late.
- el resultadoresultMañana sabremos los resultados.We'll know the results tomorrow.
- la ventajaadvantageUna ventaja de vivir en el centro es el transporte.One advantage of living in the centre is the transport.
- el motivoreason, motiveHigher¿Cuál es el motivo de tu visita?What is the reason for your visit?
- el factorfactorHigherEl precio es un factor importante.The price is an important factor.
- la clavekey (to something)HigherLa clave es practicar cada día.The key is to practise every day.
- la culpablame, faultHigherNo es culpa tuya.It's not your fault.
- el impactoimpactHigherEl turismo tiene un gran impacto en la costa.Tourism has a big impact on the coast.
- la reacciónreactionHigherSu reacción fue muy rara.His reaction was very strange.
- la desventajadisadvantageHigherLa mayor desventaja es el ruido.The biggest disadvantage is the noise.
- el beneficiobenefit; profitHigherEl deporte tiene muchos beneficios.Sport has many benefits.
Rates, trends, growth and loss
Higher- el aumentoincrease, riseHay un aumento del tráfico en verano.There's an increase in traffic in summer.
- el avanceadvance, progressLa tecnología ha hecho grandes avances.Technology has made great advances.
- la pérdidaloss; wasteEs una pérdida de tiempo.It's a waste of time.
- la tendenciatrend, tendencyEs una tendencia en las redes sociales.It's a trend on social media.
- la tasarateLa tasa de paro es alta.The unemployment rate is high.
Actions, activities and outings
- la acciónactionMe gustan las películas de acción.I like action films.
- la actividadactivityHay muchas actividades para jóvenes.There are lots of activities for young people.
- la aventuraadventureEl viaje fue una gran aventura.The trip was a great adventure.
- la vueltareturn; dar una vuelta = to go for a walk, a rideVamos a dar una vuelta por el parque.Let's go for a walk round the park.
- la medidameasure, stepHigherEl gobierno ha tomado medidas.The government has taken steps.
- la sesiónsession; showingHigherVamos a la sesión de las ocho.Let's go to the eight o'clock showing.
Behaviour, attitude and use
- el comportamientobehaviourSu comportamiento en clase ha mejorado.His behaviour in class has improved.
- la actitudattitudeTiene una actitud muy positiva.She has a very positive attitude.
- el usouseEl uso del móvil está prohibido en clase.Using phones is banned in lessons.
- el consumoconsumptionHigherHay que reducir el consumo de energía.We need to reduce energy consumption.
Freedom, permission, limits and agreements
- el acuerdoagreement; estar de acuerdo = to agreeEstoy de acuerdo contigo.I agree with you.
- la libertadfreedomHigherMis padres me dan mucha libertad.My parents give me a lot of freedom.
- el permisopermissionHigherNecesitas permiso de tus padres.You need your parents' permission.
- el accesoaccessHigherNo todos tienen acceso a internet.Not everyone has access to the internet.
- el límitelimitHigherHay un límite de velocidad.There's a speed limit.
Studies, tests and documents
- el estudiostudy; studioMi hermano sigue con sus estudios.My brother is carrying on with his studies.
- el artículoarticle; itemLeí un artículo sobre el reciclaje.I read an article about recycling.
- los datosdata, informationNecesito más datos para el proyecto.I need more information for the project.
- los recursosresourcesEl instituto tiene pocos recursos.The school has few resources.
- la investigaciónresearch; investigationHigherHago una investigación sobre el agua.I'm doing some research on water.
- la búsquedasearchHigherHice una búsqueda en internet.I did a search on the internet.
- la encuestasurveyHigherSegún una encuesta, los jóvenes leen poco.According to a survey, young people don't read much.
- el controlcontrol; check, testHigherMañana tenemos un control de historia.We've got a history test tomorrow.
- el informereportHigherTengo que escribir un informe.I have to write a report.
- el documentodocumentHigherGuarda bien tus documentos.Keep your documents safe.
- la hojasheet (of paper); leafHigherEscribe tu nombre en la hoja.Write your name on the sheet.
- la fuentesource; fountainHigherLas redes no siempre son una fuente fiable.Social media isn't always a reliable source.
Feelings and how you show them
- el sentimientofeelingEs difícil hablar de los sentimientos.It's hard to talk about feelings.
- el miedofear; tener miedo = to be scaredTengo miedo a las arañas.I'm scared of spiders.
- la penapity, sadness; ¡qué pena! = what a shame!¡Qué pena! Han cancelado el concierto.What a shame! They've cancelled the concert.
- el placerpleasureEs un placer conocerte.It's a pleasure to meet you.
- la pasiónpassionLa música es mi pasión.Music is my passion.
- las ganaswish, desire; tener ganas de = to feel like, to look forward toTengo ganas de ver a mis primos.I'm looking forward to seeing my cousins.
- la sonrisasmileSiempre tiene una sonrisa en la cara.He's always got a smile on his face.
- la risalaugh, laughter¡Qué risa!How funny!
- la sensaciónfeeling, sensationHigherTengo la sensación de que va a llover.I've got a feeling it's going to rain.
- la emociónemotion; excitementHigher¡Qué emoción! Mañana nos vamos de viaje.How exciting! We're going away tomorrow.
- la esperanzahopeHigherTengo la esperanza de ir a España.I hope to go to Spain.
- el deseowish, desireHigherMi deseo es viajar por todo el mundo.My wish is to travel all over the world.
- la soledadloneliness, solitudeHigherMuchas personas mayores sufren soledad.Many older people suffer from loneliness.
- la vergüenzaembarrassment, shameHigher¡Qué vergüenza!How embarrassing!
- el orgulloprideHigherMis padres hablan de mí con orgullo.My parents talk about me with pride.
Mind, knowledge, interest and abilities
- la atenciónattentionPresta atención, por favor.Pay attention, please.
- el interésinterestNo tengo ningún interés en el fútbol.I've got no interest in football.
- la mentemindHigherLeer es bueno para la mente.Reading is good for the mind.
- la memoriamemoryHigherTengo muy mala memoria.I have a very bad memory.
- la imaginaciónimaginationHigherLos niños tienen mucha imaginación.Children have a lot of imagination.
- la inteligenciaintelligenceHigherLa inteligencia artificial cambia muchas cosas.Artificial intelligence is changing many things.
- el conocimientoknowledgeHigherLos idiomas amplían tus conocimientos.Languages broaden your knowledge.
- la capacidadability, capacityHigherTiene una gran capacidad de trabajo.She can work really hard.
Help, care, safety and harm
- la ayudahelpGracias por tu ayuda.Thanks for your help.
- el apoyosupportMi familia me da mucho apoyo.My family gives me a lot of support.
- el cuidadocare; ¡cuidado! = careful!¡Cuidado con el perro!Watch out for the dog!
- la seguridadsafety, securityLa seguridad en internet es muy importante.Online safety is very important.
- el dañoharm, damageEl humo hace daño a los pulmones.Smoke harms your lungs.
People, groups and representation
- el grupogroup; bandTrabajamos en grupos de cuatro.We work in groups of four.
- el miembromemberSoy miembro de un club de tenis.I'm a member of a tennis club.
- el dueño / la dueñaownerEl dueño del bar es muy simpático.The owner of the bar is very nice.
- la juventudyouth, young peopleLa juventud de hoy usa mucho las redes.Young people today use social media a lot.
- el/la experto/aexpertHigherSegún los expertos, hay que dormir ocho horas.According to experts, you need eight hours of sleep.
- la generacióngenerationHigherMi generación ha crecido con internet.My generation has grown up with the internet.
- la selecciónselection; national teamHigherLa selección española ganó el partido.The Spanish national team won the match.
- la figurafigureHigherEs una figura muy conocida.She's a very well-known figure.
- la representaciónrepresentation; performanceHigherLas mujeres necesitan más representación en el deporte.Women need more representation in sport.
Shopping, products and payment
- el productoproductCompramos productos locales.We buy local products.
- la marcabrand, makeNo me importa la marca de la ropa.I don't care what brand my clothes are.
- la cajabox; tillPaga en la caja, por favor.Pay at the till, please.
- la ofertaofferHay una oferta: dos por uno.There's an offer: two for one.
- el servicioserviceEl servicio en el hotel fue excelente.The service at the hotel was excellent.
- el pagopaymentHigherEl pago se hace en efectivo.Payment is in cash.
Things and materials
- la cosathing¿Qué es esa cosa?What's that thing?
- el objetoobjectHigherEncontré un objeto extraño en la playa.I found a strange object on the beach.
- el materialmaterialHigherEs de un material reciclado.It's made of a recycled material.
- la maderawoodHigherLa mesa es de madera.The table is made of wood.
- la piedrastoneHigherEs una casa de piedra.It's a stone house.
- el orogoldHigherGanó la medalla de oro.She won the gold medal.
Qualities and features
- el colorcolour¿De qué color es tu mochila?What colour is your rucksack?
- el tamañosizeEs del tamaño de una pelota.It's the size of a ball.
- la calidadqualityLa calidad de vida aquí es muy buena.The quality of life here is very good.
- la variedadvarietyHay mucha variedad de comida.There's a big variety of food.
- el ritmorhythm; paceMe encanta el ritmo de esta canción.I love the rhythm of this song.
- la bellezabeautyHigherMe impresionó la belleza de la ciudad.The beauty of the city amazed me.
- la característicafeature, characteristicHigherUna característica de mi pueblo es la tranquilidad.One feature of my town is how quiet it is.
- la velocidadspeedHigherVa a mucha velocidad.He's going very fast.
Sounds, smells and signals
- el silenciosilenceEn la biblioteca hay que guardar silencio.You have to keep quiet in the library.
- el olorsmell¡Qué olor tan rico!What a lovely smell!
- el sonidosoundHigherEl sonido del mar me relaja.The sound of the sea relaxes me.
- el volumenvolumeHigherBaja el volumen, por favor.Turn the volume down, please.
- la señalsign, signalHigherNo hay señal en el campo.There's no signal in the countryside.
Kinds, ways, systems and order
- el tipotype, kind¿Qué tipo de música te gusta?What kind of music do you like?
- la versiónversionVi la película en versión original.I watched the film in the original language.
- la maneraway, mannerEs la mejor manera de aprender.It's the best way to learn.
- el estilostyleMe gusta su estilo de vestir.I like the way she dresses.
- el sistemasystemHigherEl sistema educativo es diferente en España.The education system is different in Spain.
- el ordenorder (sequence, tidiness)HigherPon las frases en orden.Put the sentences in order.
Parts, aspects, details and differences
- la partepartLa mejor parte del viaje fue la playa.The best part of the trip was the beach.
- el aspectoaspect; appearanceLo que más me gusta es el aspecto social.What I like most is the social side.
- el detalledetailDescribe la foto con detalle.Describe the photo in detail.
- el puntopoint; full stopEs un punto muy importante.It's a very important point.
- el restorest, remainderEl resto de la clase fue al museo.The rest of the class went to the museum.
- la diferenciadifferenceNo veo la diferencia.I can't see the difference.
Situations, states, chances and problems
- la situaciónsituationLa situación es complicada.The situation is complicated.
- la condiciónconditionEl coche está en buenas condiciones.The car is in good condition.
- la posibilidadpossibilityHay posibilidad de lluvia.There's a chance of rain.
- la suerteluck¡Buena suerte en el examen!Good luck in the exam!
- la dificultaddifficultyTengo dificultades con la gramática.I have difficulties with grammar.
- la faltalack; mistakeHay falta de espacio en mi casa.There's a lack of space in my house.
- el estadostate, conditionHigherEl parque está en mal estado.The park is in a bad state.
- la ocasiónoccasion; chanceHigherEs una ocasión especial.It's a special occasion.
Topics, issues and importance
- el tematopic, subjectEl tema de hoy es el medio ambiente.Today's topic is the environment.
- la importanciaimportanceEl deporte tiene mucha importancia en mi vida.Sport is very important in my life.
- el asuntomatter, issueHigherEs un asunto privado.It's a private matter.
Design, creation and building
Higher- el diseñodesignMe gusta el diseño de tu web.I like the design of your website.
- la creacióncreationLa creación de empleo es importante.Creating jobs is important.
- la construcciónbuilding, constructionHay obras de construcción en mi calle.There's building work in my street.
Test yourself: everyday nouns
Write the Spanish for each one. You don't need el or la; for an adjective, either ending is fine.
More: gender of nouns, singular and plural.
Describing words
Adjectives for opinions and descriptions in any topic. Most have a masculine and a feminine form (shown as -o/a); adjectives ending in -e or a consonant usually have one form for both.
96 Foundation words, 39 Higher
Good, great, special and favourite
- buen / bueno/agood (buen before a masculine singular noun)Hace buen tiempo hoy.The weather's good today.
- gran / grandegreat (gran before a noun); bigMadrid es una gran ciudad.Madrid is a great city.
- perfecto/aperfect¡Perfecto! Nos vemos a las seis.Perfect! See you at six.
- idealidealMi casa ideal tendría piscina.My ideal house would have a pool.
- excelenteexcellentEl servicio fue excelente.The service was excellent.
- estupendo/agreat, brilliant¡Estupendo! Me encanta la idea.Great! I love the idea.
- agradablepleasant, niceHace una tarde muy agradable.It's a very pleasant evening.
- guaycool (informal)Tu móvil nuevo es muy guay.Your new phone is really cool.
- increíbleincredible, amazingEl concierto fue increíble.The concert was amazing.
- extraordinario/aextraordinaryEs una persona extraordinaria.She's an extraordinary person.
- maravilloso/awonderfulPasamos un día maravilloso.We had a wonderful day.
- especialspecialHoy es un día especial.Today is a special day.
- favorito/afavouriteMi asignatura favorita es el dibujo.My favourite subject is art.
- positivo/apositiveIntento ser positivo.I try to be positive.
Bad, negative, annoying and violent
- malo/abadLa comida del comedor es mala.The food in the canteen is bad.
- peorworse; el/la peor = the worstHoy ha sido el peor día de la semana.Today's been the worst day of the week.
- horriblehorrible, awfulEl viaje en autobús fue horrible.The bus journey was awful.
- terribleterribleTengo un dolor de cabeza terrible.I've got a terrible headache.
- negativo/anegativeLas redes tienen un lado negativo.Social media has a negative side.
- irritanteannoyingHigherEse ruido es muy irritante.That noise is really annoying.
- violento/aviolentHigherNo me gustan los videojuegos violentos.I don't like violent video games.
Important, necessary and preferable
- importanteimportantEs importante dormir bien.It's important to sleep well.
- necesario/anecessaryNo es necesario llevar uniforme.You don't have to wear uniform.
- esencialessentialEl agua es esencial para la vida.Water is essential for life.
- principalmainLa calle principal está cerrada.The main street is closed.
- fundamentalessential, basicHigherLa educación es fundamental.Education is essential.
- preferiblepreferable, betterHigherEs preferible ir en tren.It's better to go by train.
True, false, sure and possible
- cierto/atrue; certainEs cierto, lo vi en las noticias.It's true, I saw it on the news.
- seguro/asure; safe¿Estás seguro? El barrio es muy seguro.Are you sure? The area is very safe.
- posiblepossible¿Es posible cambiar la fecha?Is it possible to change the date?
- imposibleimpossibleEs imposible estudiar con tanto ruido.It's impossible to study with so much noise.
- probablelikely, probable¿Vas a ir a la fiesta? Sí, es probable.Are you going to the party? Yes, probably.
- realreal; royalEs una historia real.It's a true story.
- verdadero/atrue, realUn verdadero amigo siempre te ayuda.A true friend always helps you.
- correcto/acorrect, rightLa respuesta correcta es la b.The right answer is b.
- exacto/aexact¡Exacto! Eso es lo que quería decir.Exactly! That's what I meant.
- falso/afalse¿Verdadero o falso?True or false?
- evidenteobvious, clearHigherEs evidente que el clima está cambiando.It's obvious that the climate is changing.
- auténtico/aauthentic, realHigherProbamos la paella auténtica en Valencia.We tried authentic paella in Valencia.
Fair, legal and suitable
- justo/afairNo es justo, yo siempre friego los platos.It's not fair, I always do the washing-up.
- legallegalHigher¿Es legal conducir a los diecisiete años?Is it legal to drive at seventeen?
- apropiado/aappropriate, suitableHigherNo es una película apropiada para niños.It isn't a suitable film for children.
- adecuado/asuitable, appropriateHigherBusco un trabajo adecuado para mí.I'm looking for a job that suits me.
Usual, common, classic and popular
- normalnormal, usualEs normal estar nervioso antes de un examen.It's normal to be nervous before an exam.
- habitualusual, regularMi cena habitual es una tortilla.My usual dinner is an omelette.
- comúncommon; sharedTenemos muchas cosas en común.We have lots in common.
- generalgeneralEn general, me gusta mi barrio.In general, I like my area.
- popularpopularEl fútbol es muy popular en España.Football is very popular in Spain.
- clásico/aclassic; classicalMi padre escucha música clásica.My dad listens to classical music.
Same, different, strange and unknown
- igualthe same, equalTodos somos iguales.We are all equal.
- mismo/asameTenemos la misma edad.We're the same age.
- semejantesimilar; suchNunca he visto nada semejante.I've never seen anything like it.
- diferentedifferentMi instituto es muy diferente.My school is very different.
- distinto/adifferentCada día es distinto.Every day is different.
- diverso/adiverse, variedMi ciudad es muy diversa.My city is very diverse.
- originaloriginalTu disfraz es muy original.Your costume is very original.
- similarsimilarHigherMi casa es similar a la tuya.My house is similar to yours.
- contrario/aopposite, contraryHigherOpino lo contrario.I think the opposite.
- extraño/astrangeHigherOí un ruido extraño.I heard a strange noise.
- desconocido/aunknownHigherEs un grupo desconocido.It's an unknown band.
Simple or difficult
- sencillo/asimple, easy; plainLa receta es muy sencilla.The recipe is very simple.
- simplesimpleEs una idea muy simple.It's a very simple idea.
- duro/ahard, toughEl entrenamiento es muy duro.Training is really tough.
- complejo/acomplexHigherEs un tema muy complejo.It's a very complex subject.
- complicado/acomplicatedHigherEl examen de matemáticas fue muy complicado.The maths exam was really complicated.
Size, length, depth, weight and speed
- enormehugeSu casa es enorme.Their house is huge.
- corto/ashort (length)Tengo el pelo corto.I have short hair.
- ligero/alight (weight)Lleva una maleta ligera.Take a light suitcase.
- rápido/afast, quickEl tren es más rápido que el autobús.The train is faster than the bus.
- lento/aslowInternet es muy lento en mi casa.The internet is very slow at my house.
- inmenso/ahuge, immenseHigherEl parque es inmenso.The park is huge.
- amplio/awide, spacious; looseHigherEl salón es muy amplio.The living room is very spacious.
- mediano/amedium(-sized)HigherQuiero una pizza mediana.I want a medium pizza.
- brevebrief, shortHigherEscribe una respuesta breve.Write a short answer.
- profundo/adeepHigherEl lago es muy profundo.The lake is very deep.
How things are: open, empty, broken, lost
- abierto/aopenLa farmacia está abierta hasta las diez.The chemist is open until ten.
- cerrado/aclosedLos domingos las tiendas están cerradas.The shops are closed on Sundays.
- vacío/aemptyLa nevera está vacía.The fridge is empty.
- roto/abrokenMi móvil está roto.My phone is broken.
- sentado/asitting, seatedHay una chica sentada en el banco.There's a girl sitting on the bench.
- perdido/alostEstoy perdido, ¿dónde está el museo?I'm lost, where's the museum?
Cheap, free and included
- gratuito/afree (of charge)La entrada al museo es gratuita.Entry to the museum is free.
- incluido/aincludedEl desayuno está incluido.Breakfast is included.
- económico/acheap; economicHigherEs un hotel muy económico.It's a very cheap hotel.
Beautiful, lively, light and dark
- bello/abeautifulEs un pueblo muy bello.It's a very beautiful village.
- animado/alivelyEl centro está muy animado por la noche.The centre is very lively at night.
- claro/aclear; light (colour)Tiene los ojos azul claro.She has light blue eyes.
- precioso/abeautiful, lovelyHigher¡Qué vestido tan precioso!What a lovely dress!
- lindo/alovely, pretty (more common in Latin America; in Spain, bonito)HigherEn México dicen que algo es lindo; en España decimos bonito.In Mexico they say something is lindo; in Spain we say bonito.
- vivo/aalive; bright; liveHigherMe encantan los colores vivos.I love bright colours.
- oscuro/adarkHigherTiene el pelo oscuro.He has dark hair.
Dry, damp, fresh, pure and chemical
- seco/adryEl verano aquí es muy seco.The summer here is very dry.
- fresco/afresh; coolCompramos pescado fresco en el mercado.We buy fresh fish at the market.
- puro/apure; fresh (air)En el campo el aire es más puro.The air is fresher in the countryside.
- húmedo/adamp, humidHigherEl clima es húmedo en el norte.The climate is humid in the north.
- químico/achemicalHigherEvito los productos químicos.I avoid chemical products.
Position: near, far and central
- cercano/anearby; closeVamos a una playa cercana.We're going to a nearby beach.
- centralcentralEl hotel está en una zona central.The hotel is in a central area.
- directo/adirect, straightHay un tren directo a Sevilla.There's a direct train to Seville.
- lejano/adistant, farawayHigherViven en un pueblo lejano.They live in a faraway village.
- situado/alocatedHigherEl hotel está situado cerca de la playa.The hotel is located near the beach.
- superiorhigher, upper; betterHigherMi hermano vive en el piso superior.My brother lives on the floor above.
Personal, family, national and worldwide
- propio/aownQuiero tener mi propio negocio.I want to have my own business.
- personalpersonalEs mi opinión personal.It's my personal opinion.
- familiarfamily (adjective); familiarEs un restaurante familiar.It's a family restaurant.
- nacionalnationalEs una fiesta nacional.It's a national holiday.
- internacionalinternationalEs un festival internacional.It's an international festival.
- humano/ahumanHigherEs un derecho humano.It's a human right.
- mundialworld, worldwideHigherEs un problema mundial.It's a worldwide problem.
- universaluniversalHigherLa música es un idioma universal.Music is a universal language.
- infantilchildren's, childHigherEs un programa infantil.It's a children's programme.
Character and mood
- responsableresponsibleMi hermana es muy responsable.My sister is very responsible.
- independienteindependentQuiero ser más independiente.I want to be more independent.
- activo/aactiveMi abuelo es muy activo.My grandad is very active.
- enfadado/aangryMi madre está enfadada conmigo.My mum is angry with me.
- nervioso/anervousEstoy muy nervioso por el examen.I'm really nervous about the exam.
- capazable, capableHigherSoy capaz de correr diez kilómetros.I'm able to run ten kilometres.
- conscienteawareHigherLos jóvenes son conscientes del problema.Young people are aware of the problem.
- dispuesto/awilling, readyHigherEstoy dispuesto a ayudar.I'm willing to help.
- loco/amad, crazyHigher¿Estás loco? Hace mucho frío.Are you mad? It's really cold.
Words ending in -mente
- absolutamenteabsolutelyEstoy absolutamente seguro.I'm absolutely sure.
- completamentecompletelyHe olvidado completamente su nombre.I've completely forgotten her name.
- totalmentetotally, completelyEstoy totalmente de acuerdo.I totally agree.
- directamentedirectly, straightDespués de clase voy directamente a casa.After school I go straight home.
- exactamenteexactly¿Qué quieres decir exactamente?What exactly do you mean?
- especialmenteespeciallyMe gusta la fruta, especialmente las fresas.I like fruit, especially strawberries.
- perfectamenteperfectlyTe entiendo perfectamente.I understand you perfectly.
- probablementeprobablyProbablemente iré a la universidad.I'll probably go to university.
- rápidamentequicklyTerminé los deberes rápidamente.I finished my homework quickly.
- realmentereally, trulyEs realmente difícil.It's really difficult.
- simplementesimply, justSimplemente no me gusta.I just don't like it.
- seguramenteprobably, most likelySeguramente llegará tarde.He'll most likely be late.
- verdaderamentetruly, reallyFue un viaje verdaderamente especial.It was a truly special trip.
- desafortunadamenteunfortunatelyDesafortunadamente, perdimos el partido.Unfortunately, we lost the match.
- evidentementeobviously, of courseHigherEvidentemente, no quiero suspender.Obviously, I don't want to fail.
Test yourself: describing words
Write the Spanish for each one. You don't need el or la; for an adjective, either ending is fine.
More: adjective agreement, adverbs in -mente.
Time and frequency
Words that say when and how often. Using several timeframes (past, present and future) is what the top speaking and writing bands look for, and these words signal each one.
26 Foundation words, 11 Higher
Now, already, still and no longer
- ahoranowAhora vivo en un piso.I live in a flat now.
- en este momentoat the moment, right nowEn este momento estoy en el autobús.I'm on the bus right now.
- yaalready; nowYa he terminado los deberes.I've already finished my homework.
- todavíastill; todavía no = not yetTodavía no he comido.I haven't eaten yet.
- aún / aunstill, yet (aún); even (aun)Aún vivo con mis padres.I still live with my parents.
- el presentepresent (time)Vive en el presente.Live in the present.
- ya nono longer, not any moreHigherYa no juego al baloncesto.I don't play basketball any more.
Moments, while and right away
- el momentomomentEspera un momento, por favor.Wait a moment, please.
- el ratowhile, short timeJuego al fútbol un rato después de clase.I play football for a while after school.
- mientraswhileEscucho música mientras estudio.I listen to music while I study.
- inmediatamenteimmediatelyVen aquí inmediatamente.Come here immediately.
- enseguidastraight away, right awayHigherEnseguida vuelvo.I'll be right back.
Last, recent, previous and next
- anochelast nightAnoche vi una película de miedo.Last night I watched a horror film.
- recientementerecentlyRecientemente he empezado a correr.I've recently started running.
- recienterecentEs una película muy reciente.It's a very recent film.
- pasado/alast, pastEl verano pasado fui a Galicia.Last summer I went to Galicia.
- próximo/anextLa próxima semana tengo un examen.I've got an exam next week.
- siguientenext, followingAl día siguiente volvimos a casa.The next day we went back home.
- anteriorprevious, beforeHigherEl año anterior fuimos a Italia.The year before, we went to Italy.
Beginnings, ends and weekends
- el principiobeginning; al principio = at firstAl principio no me gustaba el instituto.At first I didn't like school.
- el comienzostart, beginningEl comienzo del curso es en septiembre.The school year starts in September.
- el finend; por fin = at last¡Por fin es viernes!It's Friday at last!
- el finalend; al final = in the endAl final no fuimos a la playa.In the end we didn't go to the beach.
- el fin de semanaweekendEl fin de semana voy a la piscina.At the weekend I go to the pool.
Telling the time
- y mediahalf pastSon las cuatro y media.It's half past four.
- y cuartoquarter pastEl tren sale a las nueve y cuarto.The train leaves at quarter past nine.
- menos cuartoquarter toLlego a las dos menos cuarto.I'll arrive at quarter to two.
How often, how long and non-stop
- de vez en cuandofrom time to timeDe vez en cuando como en un restaurante.I eat in a restaurant from time to time.
- constanteconstantHay un ruido constante en la calle.There's a constant noise in the street.
- la frecuenciafrequency; con frecuencia = oftenHigherVoy al gimnasio con frecuencia.I go to the gym often.
- diario/adaily; el diario = newspaper, diaryHigherEl ejercicio diario es bueno para la salud.Daily exercise is good for your health.
- anualannual, yearlyHigherEs la fiesta anual del pueblo.It's the town's annual festival.
- desde hacefor (a period up to now)HigherEstudio español desde hace cuatro años.I've been learning Spanish for four years.
- llevar (+ time + -ando/-iendo)to have been doing something for (a time)HigherLlevo dos años tocando la guitarra.I've been playing the guitar for two years.Conjugation and practice →
Centuries, decades and eras
Higher- el siglocenturyEl castillo tiene ocho siglos.The castle is eight centuries old.
- la décadadecadeLa ciudad ha cambiado mucho en la última década.The city has changed a lot in the last decade.
- la épocatime, period, eraEn aquella época no había internet.There was no internet back then.
Test yourself: time and frequency
Write the Spanish for each one. You don't need el or la; for an adjective, either ending is fine.
More: time and dates, adverbs of frequency.
Quantity and numbers
How much, how many and in what order. The big numbers and the short forms primer and tercer catch people out in listening and dictation.
28 Foundation words, 9 Higher
Numbers and order
- cientoone hundred (in 101 to 199)El billete cuesta ciento veinte euros.The ticket costs a hundred and twenty euros.
- quinientos/asfive hundredHay quinientos alumnos en mi instituto.There are five hundred pupils at my school.
- primer / primero/afirst (primer before a masculine singular noun)Vivo en el primer piso.I live on the first floor.
- tercer / tercero/athird (tercer before a masculine singular noun)Es el tercer día de las vacaciones.It's the third day of the holidays.
- quinto/afifthMi clase está en la quinta planta.My classroom is on the fifth floor.
- el númeronumber; shoe size¿Qué número de teléfono tienes?What's your phone number?
- la cifrafigure, numberEs una cifra muy alta.It's a very high figure.
Very, more, less, so much and enough
- muyveryMi pueblo es muy bonito.My town is very pretty.
- másmore; más ... que = more ... thanNecesito más tiempo.I need more time.
- menosless, fewer; menos ... que = less ... thanQuiero pasar menos tiempo con el móvil.I want to spend less time on my phone.
- tan ... comoas ... as; tan = soMi hermano es tan alto como mi padre.My brother is as tall as my dad.
- poco/alittle, not much; pocos/as = fewTengo poco tiempo libre.I don't have much free time.
- demasiado/atoo much; demasiados/as = too manyHay demasiados coches en el centro.There are too many cars in the centre.
- bastantequite; enoughEs bastante caro.It's quite expensive.
- suficienteenoughNo tengo suficiente dinero.I haven't got enough money.
- tanto/aso much; tantos/as = so manyHigher¡Tengo tantas cosas que hacer!I've got so many things to do!
- apenashardly, barelyHigherApenas tengo tiempo para leer.I hardly have time to read.
All, each, both, several, other and the rest
- todo/aall, the whole; todo = everythingEstudié toda la tarde.I studied all afternoon.
- todo el mundoeveryone, everybodyTodo el mundo tiene móvil.Everyone has a mobile phone.
- cadaeach, everyVoy al gimnasio cada semana.I go to the gym every week.
- varios/asseveralHe visitado varios países.I've visited several countries.
- otro/aother, another¿Quieres otro trozo de pizza?Do you want another slice of pizza?
- los/las demásthe others, the restLos demás se fueron a casa.The others went home.
- ambos/asbothHigherAmbos hermanos estudian en Madrid.Both brothers study in Madrid.
- entero/awhole, entireHigherMe comí la pizza entera.I ate the whole pizza.
- totaltotal, completeHigherFue un desastre total.It was a complete disaster.
- numeroso/anumerous; large (family)HigherTengo una familia numerosa.I have a large family.
Amounts, proportions and estimates
- la cantidadamount, quantityComemos una gran cantidad de pan.We eat a large amount of bread.
- el montónpile; un montón de = loads ofTengo un montón de deberes.I've got loads of homework.
- la mitadhalfLa mitad de la clase tiene perro.Half the class has a dog.
- la mayoríamost, the majorityLa mayoría de mis amigos juega al fútbol.Most of my friends play football.
- máximo/amaximum, highestLa temperatura máxima es de treinta grados.The highest temperature is thirty degrees.
- mínimo/aminimum, smallestHay que tener un mínimo de dieciséis años.You have to be at least sixteen.
- casialmost, nearlyCasi siempre voy andando.I nearly always walk.
- el parpair, coupleHigherCompré un par de zapatillas.I bought a pair of trainers.
- la minoríaminorityHigherSolo una minoría usa el transporte público.Only a minority use public transport.
- aproximadamenteapproximately, aboutHigherTardo aproximadamente media hora.It takes me about half an hour.
Test yourself: quantity and numbers
Write the Spanish for each one. You don't need el or la; for an adjective, either ending is fine.
Connectives and linking
Linking words join short sentences into longer ones, give reasons and contrast ideas: exactly what the writing and speaking mark schemes reward.
10 Foundation words, 12 Higher
Adding and stressing a point
- tambiénalso, tooYo también quiero ir.I want to go too.
- ademásalso, besides, what is moreEs barato y, además, está cerca.It's cheap and, what's more, it's close.
- aparte deapart from, besidesAparte del fútbol, me gusta el tenis.Apart from football, I like tennis.
- inclusoeven; includingHigherIncluso mi abuela usa las redes sociales.Even my grandma uses social media.
- de hechoin fact, actuallyHigherDe hecho, nunca he estado en España.In fact, I've never been to Spain.
- ni ... nineither ... norHigherNo me gusta ni el té ni el café.I like neither tea nor coffee.
Reasons, results and purpose
- ya quesince, asFuimos andando, ya que hacía buen tiempo.We walked, as the weather was nice.
- comoas, since (at the start); likeComo no tenía dinero, me quedé en casa.As I didn't have any money, I stayed at home.
- debido adue to, because ofEl tren llega tarde debido a la nieve.The train is late due to the snow.
- por esothat's why, soMe encanta cocinar, por eso quiero ser chef.I love cooking, that's why I want to be a chef.
- entoncesthen; soLlovía, entonces nos quedamos en casa.It was raining, so we stayed at home.
- dado quegiven that, sinceHigherDado que es tarde, me voy a casa.Given that it's late, I'm going home.
- por lo tantothereforeHigherNo estudié; por lo tanto, suspendí.I didn't study, therefore I failed.
- para queso that (+ subjunctive)HigherTe lo explico para que lo entiendas.I'll explain it to you so that you understand.
Contrasting and balancing
- aunquealthough, even thoughAunque es difícil, me gusta el francés.Although it's difficult, I like French.
- en cambioon the other hand, whereasMi hermano es alto; yo, en cambio, soy bajo.My brother is tall; I, on the other hand, am short.
- sin embargohoweverHigherEs caro; sin embargo, vale la pena.It's expensive; however, it's worth it.
- no obstantehowever, neverthelessHigherLlovió mucho; no obstante, el partido se jugó.It rained a lot; nevertheless, the match went ahead.
- por un ladoon the one handHigherPor un lado, el campo es tranquilo.On the one hand, the countryside is quiet.
- por otro ladoon the other handHigherPor otro lado, hay poco que hacer.On the other hand, there's not much to do.
- sinobut (rather)HigherNo es inglés, sino irlandés.He isn't English but Irish.
- a pesar dedespite, in spite ofHigherA pesar de la lluvia, salimos.Despite the rain, we went out.
Test yourself: connectives and linking
Write the Spanish for each one. You don't need el or la; for an adjective, either ending is fine.
More: connectives practice.
Question words
Question words carry an accent and the question has an upside-down ¿ at the start. You need them to understand the questions on every paper, and to ask them in the role-play.
15 Foundation words, 3 Higher
Asking questions
- ¿qué?what?, which?¿Qué haces el fin de semana?What do you do at the weekend?
- ¿por qué?why?¿Por qué te gusta el inglés?Why do you like English?
- ¿cuándo?when?¿Cuándo es tu cumpleaños?When is your birthday?
- ¿dónde?where?¿Dónde vives?Where do you live?
- ¿adónde?where (to)?¿Adónde vas de vacaciones?Where are you going on holiday?
- ¿de dónde?where from?¿De dónde eres?Where are you from?
- ¿cómo?how?; what is ... like?¿Cómo es tu mejor amigo?What's your best friend like?
- ¿cuál? / ¿cuáles?which?, what? (which one, which ones)¿Cuál es tu asignatura favorita?What is your favourite subject?
- ¿quién? / ¿quiénes?who?¿Quién es tu cantante favorito?Who is your favourite singer?
- ¿cuánto? / ¿cuánta?how much?¿Cuánto cuesta?How much is it?
- ¿cuántos? / ¿cuántas?how many?¿Cuántas personas hay en tu familia?How many people are there in your family?
- ¿qué pasa?what's up?, what's happening?¿Qué pasa? ¿Estás bien?What's up? Are you OK?
Who, which, what, where and when (not in questions)
- dondewhere (not in a question)Es el pueblo donde nací.It's the village where I was born.
- cuandowhen (not in a question)Cuando tengo tiempo, leo un poco.When I have time, I read a bit.
- el que / la quethe one that, the one whoMi hermano es el que lleva gafas.My brother is the one who wears glasses.
- quienwho (not in a question)HigherEs el amigo con quien voy al instituto.He's the friend I go to school with.
- el cual / la cualwhich, who (formal)HigherLa razón por la cual vine es sencilla.The reason why I came is simple.
- lo quewhat, which (the thing that)HigherLo que más me gusta es la playa.What I like most is the beach.
Test yourself: question words
Write the Spanish for each one. You don't need el or la; for an adjective, either ending is fine.
More: question words, forming questions.
Prepositions and place
Where things are and which way they go. You need them for directions, for describing a photo or your home, and for linking ideas.
27 Foundation words, 11 Higher
Here, there and everywhere
- aquíhereAquí hace mucho calor.It's very hot here.
- allíthere, over thereMis abuelos viven allí.My grandparents live there.
- ahíthere (near you)Deja la mochila ahí.Leave the rucksack there.
- alláover there; más allá = further onEl museo está más allá.The museum is further on.
- acáhere (mainly Latin America; in Spain, aquí)En Argentina dicen «ven acá»; en España, «ven aquí».In Argentina they say "ven acá"; in Spain, "ven aquí".
- por todas parteseverywhereHigherHay basura por todas partes.There's rubbish everywhere.
Where things are: next to, above, inside
- el ladoside; al lado de = next toEl banco está al lado de la farmacia.The bank is next to the chemist.
- la izquierdaleft; a la izquierda = on the leftGira a la izquierda.Turn left.
- encima (de)on top (of), aboveEl gato duerme encima de la cama.The cat sleeps on the bed.
- debajo (de)under, underneathMis zapatos están debajo de la cama.My shoes are under the bed.
- arribaup, upstairsMi dormitorio está arriba.My bedroom is upstairs.
- abajodown, downstairsLa cocina está abajo.The kitchen is downstairs.
- fuera (de)outside, outComemos fuera cuando hace sol.We eat outside when it is sunny.
- entrebetween, amongVivo entre el parque y el río.I live between the park and the river.
- dentro (de)insideHigherLas llaves están dentro del bolso.The keys are inside the bag.
Foreground, background and rows
- en primer planoin the foregroundEn primer plano hay dos chicos.In the foreground there are two boys.
- en segundo planoin the backgroundEn segundo plano se ven montañas.In the background you can see mountains.
- la filarow, lineHigherNos sentamos en la primera fila.We sat in the front row.
- el fondoback, bottom; al fondo = at the backHigherAl fondo de la foto hay un castillo.In the background of the photo there's a castle.
Places, space and distance
- la distanciadistanceLa playa está a poca distancia.The beach isn't far away.
- el kilómetrokilometreEl instituto está a dos kilómetros de mi casa.School is two kilometres from my house.
- el espaciospace, roomNo hay espacio para otra cama.There's no room for another bed.
- la vistaview; sightDesde mi habitación hay una vista preciosa.There's a beautiful view from my bedroom.
- la direcciónaddress; direction¿Me das tu dirección?Can you give me your address?
- la sombrashade; shadowHigherVamos a sentarnos a la sombra.Let's sit in the shade.
- el rincóncorner (inside)HigherHay una planta en el rincón.There's a plant in the corner.
- la alturaheightHigherLa torre tiene cien metros de altura.The tower is a hundred metres high.
- el entornosurroundings, environmentHigherVivo en un entorno muy tranquilo.I live in very peaceful surroundings.
From, to, through and during
- desdefrom; sinceVivo aquí desde pequeño.I've lived here since I was little.
- hastauntil; as far asTrabajo hasta las cinco.I work until five.
- duranteduring; for (a time)Estuve en Málaga durante dos semanas.I was in Málaga for two weeks.
- haciatowardsHigherCaminamos hacia la playa.We walked towards the beach.
- a través dethrough, across; by means ofHigherConocí a mi novio a través de un amigo.I met my boyfriend through a friend.
About, without, against, except and according to
- sobreon; aboutEs un libro sobre la guerra.It's a book about the war.
- sinwithoutNo puedo vivir sin música.I can't live without music.
- contraagainstJugamos contra un equipo de Madrid.We played against a team from Madrid.
- segúnaccording toSegún mi madre, el desayuno es importante.According to my mum, breakfast is important.
- salvoexcept (for)HigherAbren todos los días salvo los lunes.They're open every day except Monday.
Test yourself: prepositions and place
Write the Spanish for each one. You don't need el or la; for an adjective, either ending is fine.
More: common prepositions.
Useful small words
Short words and set phrases that make your Spanish sound natural, and that the listening and reading papers use all the time.
34 Foundation words, 18 Higher
Yes, no, maybe: greetings and reactions
- síyesSí, me gusta mucho.Yes, I like it a lot.
- nono; notNo, no tengo hermanos.No, I haven't got any brothers or sisters.
- quizás / quizáperhaps, maybeQuizás voy a la playa mañana.Maybe I'll go to the beach tomorrow.
- valeOKVale, nos vemos a las cinco.OK, see you at five.
- claroof courseClaro, te ayudo.Of course, I'll help you.
- ¡vamos!come on!; let's go!¡Vamos, que llegamos tarde!Come on, we're going to be late!
- pueswell; so, thenPues no sé qué decir.Well, I don't know what to say.
- me da igualI don't mind; it's all the same to me¿Pizza o pasta? Me da igual.Pizza or pasta? I don't mind.
- hasta prontosee you soon¡Adiós, hasta pronto!Bye, see you soon!
- bienvenido/awelcome¡Bienvenidos a Barcelona!Welcome to Barcelona!
- por supuestoof courseHigherPor supuesto, puedes venir.Of course you can come.
- ojaláI hope so; if only (+ subjunctive)Higher¡Ojalá haga sol mañana!I hope it's sunny tomorrow!
Only, alone and like this
- solo / solamenteonly, justSolo tengo diez euros.I've only got ten euros.
- solo/aalone; on your ownMe gusta estar solo a veces.I like being on my own sometimes.
- asílike this, like that; soSe hace así.It's done like this.
Someone, something, nobody, never and neither
- algosomething; anything¿Quieres algo de beber?Do you want something to drink?
- alguiensomeone, somebodyAlguien ha llamado a la puerta.Someone knocked at the door.
- nadienobody, no oneNo hay nadie en casa.There's nobody at home.
- algún / alguno/asome, any¿Tienes alguna pregunta?Have you got any questions?
- ningún / ninguno/ano, not any, noneNo tengo ningún problema.I haven't got any problems.
- jamásnever (ever)HigherJamás he visto algo así.I've never seen anything like it.
- tampoconot either, neitherHigherA mí tampoco me gusta.I don't like it either.
Must, can, need and worth it
- hay queyou have to, we mustHay que reciclar más.We have to recycle more.
- se puedeyou can, one canAquí se puede nadar.You can swim here.
- se necesitayou need, is neededSe necesita un pasaporte.You need a passport.
- hace faltait is necessary; you needHigherHace falta más tiempo.More time is needed.
- basta conall you need is, it is enough toHigherBasta con pedirlo por internet.All you need to do is order it online.
- vale la penait is worth itHigherVale la pena visitar el museo.It's worth visiting the museum.
Would like, feel like and good at
- me gustaríaI would likeMe gustaría ser profesor.I'd like to be a teacher.
- te gustaríayou would like¿Te gustaría venir conmigo?Would you like to come with me?
- le gustaríahe, she would like; you (usted) would likeA mi hermano le gustaría vivir en Madrid.My brother would like to live in Madrid.
- me apeteceI feel like (+ infinitive or noun)HigherMe apetece un helado.I fancy an ice cream.
- se me da bienI am good atHigherSe me dan bien los idiomas.I'm good at languages.
- se me da malI am bad atHigherSe me da mal dibujar.I'm bad at drawing.
This, that, these and those
- este/estathisEste fin de semana voy a la playa.I'm going to the beach this weekend.
- estos/estastheseEstas zapatillas son muy cómodas.These trainers are very comfortable.
- ese/esathat¿Quién es ese chico?Who is that boy?
- esos/esasthoseEsas flores son preciosas.Those flowers are lovely.
- estothis (thing, idea)¿Qué es esto?What is this?
- aquel/aquellathat (over there, or long ago)HigherAquel verano fue increíble.That summer was amazing.
- aquellos/aquellasthose (over there)Higher¿Ves aquellas montañas?Can you see those mountains?
- aquellothat (thing, idea)HigherAquello fue un error.That was a mistake.
My, your, mine and yours
- mi / mismyMi hermana y mis primos viven en Bilbao.My sister and my cousins live in Bilbao.
- tu / tusyour (one person, informal)¿Cómo se llaman tus padres?What are your parents called?
- su / sushis, her, its, their; your (usted)Su casa está cerca del río.Their house is near the river.
- nuestro/aourNuestro instituto es bastante grande.Our school is quite big.
- vuestro/ayour (more than one person, informal)¿Dónde está vuestra clase?Where is your classroom?
- el mío / la míamineHigherTu móvil es más nuevo que el mío.Your phone is newer than mine.
- el tuyo / la tuyayours (one person, informal)HigherMi casa es más pequeña que la tuya.My house is smaller than yours.
- el suyo / la suyahis, hers, theirs; yours (usted)HigherMi perro es blanco y el suyo es negro.My dog is white and hers is black.
- el nuestro / la nuestraoursHigherSu jardín es más grande que el nuestro.Their garden is bigger than ours.
- el vuestro / la vuestrayours (more than one person, informal)HigherNuestro equipo ganó al vuestro.Our team beat yours.
Test yourself: useful small words
Write the Spanish for each one. You don't need el or la; for an adjective, either ending is fine.
More: algo, alguien, nadie, demonstratives, possessive pronouns.
False friends worth knowing
These look like English words but mean something else. They are a favourite trap in reading and translation questions.
5 Foundation words, 14 Higher
False friends: describing words
- actualcurrent, present (not "actual", which is real)Mi horario actual es más fácil.My current timetable is easier.
- largo/along (not "large", which is grande)El viaje fue muy largo.The journey was very long.
- raro/astrange, odd (as well as rare)Hoy hace un tiempo muy raro.The weather is very strange today.
- actualmentecurrently, at present (not "actually", which is en realidad)HigherActualmente vivo en Londres.I currently live in London.
- sensiblesensitive (not "sensible", which is sensato/a)HigherMi hermana es muy sensible.My sister is very sensitive.
- decepcionantedisappointing (not "deceptive")HigherLa película fue decepcionante.The film was disappointing.
- fatalawful, terrible (not usually deadly)HigherEl examen me salió fatal.The exam went terribly.
- pesado/aheavy; annoying, boring (of a person)HigherMi hermano pequeño es muy pesado.My little brother is really annoying.
- suavesoft, gentle, mild (not "suave")HigherEsta toalla es muy suave.This towel is very soft.
- efectivo/aeffective; en efectivo = in cashHigher¿Puedo pagar en efectivo?Can I pay in cash?
False friends: verbs
Higher- asistir (a)to attend (not "to assist", which is ayudar)Asistí a un concierto en Madrid.I went to a concert in Madrid.Conjugation and practice →
- atenderto serve, to look after (not "to attend")El camarero nos atendió muy rápido.The waiter served us very quickly.Conjugation and practice →
- molestarto bother, to annoy (not "to molest")Me molesta el ruido del tráfico.The traffic noise bothers me.Conjugation and practice →
- introducirto bring in, to insert (to introduce a person is presentar)Van a introducir un uniforme nuevo.They're going to bring in a new uniform.Conjugation and practice →
- advertirto warn (not "to advertise", which is anunciar)Te advierto que hace mucho frío.I'm warning you that it's very cold.Conjugation and practice →
False friends: nouns
- la letraletter (of the alphabet); lyrics (a letter you post is la carta)Me encanta la letra de esta canción.I love the lyrics of this song.
- el humormood; humour (estar de buen humor = to be in a good mood)Hoy estoy de buen humor.I'm in a good mood today.
- la cuestiónissue, matter (a question you ask is una pregunta)HigherEs una cuestión de dinero.It's a question of money.
- la colaqueue; tail (not the drink)HigherHabía una cola enorme en el cine.There was a huge queue at the cinema.
Test yourself: false friends worth knowing
Write the Spanish for each one. You don't need el or la; for an adjective, either ending is fine.
More: more false friends.
Sources
We check these words against the boards' current vocabulary lists, which both build on the word lists in the DfE subject content. A few words here are on one board's list only. Words for a topic (family, food, travel...) are on the theme pages.
- AQA vocabulary list (specification Appendix 2)Specification version 1.3, September 2025
- Pearson Edexcel vocabulary list (specification Appendix 1)Issue 2, May 2025
- DfE subject content for GCSE Spanish (word-list rules, sound-symbol correspondences, grammar)
Next: sounds and dictation, or back to GCSE Spanish.